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How to calculate your rate of return

How to calculate your rate of return

Measuring your rate of return (ROR) is not always straightforward. There are many types of ROR, and investors are not usually aware of their differences. There are three measures of return that are frequently used: simple rate of return (SRR), internal rate of return (IRR), and time-weighted return (TWR). These measures all calculate performance differently. Simple rate of return SRR is the simplest measure of return, showing simply the percentage change in market value. It is often used to show how a benchmark or index performs over time because there are no cash flows over time that could affect performance. For an individual investor, however, SRR cannot accurately show the return of an individual’s investment portfolio. Internal rate of return IRR shows the performance of an individual’s portfolio between two dates, and it factors in the effect of cash into and out of the portfolio during the period. It is a more meaningful measurement of a portfolio’s growth than SRR. Since cash flows are worked into the calculation, greater weighting is given to time periods when more money is invested in the portfolio. IRR is sometimes referred to as the dollar-weighted return or personal rate of return. It can be

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How to calculate your actual investment performance

A question we’re often asked is: What is my performance? If you’re like most people and you calculate your returns by dividing your account’s end value by its initial value, a method called simple rate of return (SRR), then you could be off, way off. Using SRR may be appropriate only if you deposited a lump sum into your account and made no additional deposits or withdrawals. That’s not true for most people who tend to make additional deposits, withdrawals, or both. Financial professionals prefer to use the time weighted return (TWR) method for assessing performance. TWR captures the performance of the underlying investments without being distorted by the timing or size of cash flows (deposits/withdrawals) in or out of your account. TWR is useful when analyzing your manager’s performance and comparing them to a competitor or a benchmark. Assume that your portfolio was $100,000 on January 1st and $130,000 on December 31st of the same year and that you made no additional deposits/withdrawals to your account; in this case, your SRR would be 30%. Now assume that you started the year with $100,000 and then deposited $20,000 on June 15 and that your portfolio’s market value was $130,000 on

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